Changes in the social and occupational professional structure of the farmers of Dagestan and their budget in 1970s

Abstract. Relevance. Agriculture plays a unique role in the livelihood of any society. Modern reforms in the agricultural sector require workers of a new type, i.e. economically literate, comprehensively educated, professionally trained, and proactive. In this context, the experience of one of the regions of the Russian Federation, Dagestan, in staffing the agricultural sector, which has contributed to the qualitative renewal of its employees, is of particular value. For the first time, an attempt has been made to show the effective development of the human resources potential of agricultural production in the Republic on the basis of modernization of the material and technical base.

The problem statement. The article examines the influence of transformation of agricultural labor into a kind of industrial labor on changes in the social and occupational structure of agricultural production workers in Dagestan. It has been noted that these changes also have contributed to an increase in the standard of living of farmers. The goal of the research is to identify the factors that have caused changes in professional qualification groups in state farm and collective farm production, to show the convergence of wages of collective farmers, workers and employees with industrial and production personnel. The research methods used are scientific objectivity and historicism, comparative historical, logical, statistical ones, which allowed us to recreate the scientific picture of the topic under consideration. It has been concluded that industrialization of agriculture has contributed to changes in the nature of labor, bringing it closer to the level of industry in terms of technical equipment and production organization. As a result, there is a convergence in the wages of agricultural workers to industrial and production personnel, which leads to the growth of their incomes. 

1. Gadzhieva Z.N. Southern Dagestan. 1960–1970s. Economic and socio-cultural development of rural areas. Makhachkala, 2023. 192 р. 192 р. (In Russ.)

2. Iskenderov G.A. Changes of socio-cultural and living conditions of Dagestan village toilers in 1960s – early 1980s / Socio-cultural construction in Dagestan village (1920–1980). Collection of articles. Makhachkala, 1989. Р. 139-150. (In Russ.)

3. Iskenderov G.A., Talibova D.B. Socio-economic development of the Dagestan village (1950– 1985). Makhachkala, 2007. 320 р. (In Russ.)

4. Osmanov A.I. Dagestan in the XX century: historical experience of regional development. In two books. Socio-political life and socio-cultural development of the peoples of Dagestan. Book two. Makhachkala, 2007. 622 р. (In Russ.)

5. Osmanov A.I., Iskenderov G.A. Dagestan village: economy, culture, social infrastructure. (70–80 years of XX century). Makhachkala, 1997. 255 р. (In Russ.)

6. Sarkisyan G.S. Level, rates and proportions of real income growth. М., 1978. 215 р. (In Russ.)