Introduction. The article examines the role of Shagin Giray’s personality in the social and political situation of the Crimean Khanate, which tried to preserve its independence in the struggle between the Russian and Ottoman states in the last quarter of the XVIII century. The goal of the research is to restore the historical portrait of the last Crimean Khan, Shagin Giray, in the context of the relationship between the independent Crimean Khanate and the Ottoman and Russian Empires.

The Materials and Methods. The fate of Shagin Giray and his move to the Russian Empire after his abdication in 1783 have become an important object of the research. Foreign and domestic scientific literature was used as the basis of the research materials. In the course of the research, the following methods were used: source studies, historical and comparative, general scientific (analysis, comparison, generalization, synthesis).

The Results. The article is based on the introduction of little-known historiographical materials from foreign literature into scientific circulation. The article comprehensively examines the biography of Shagin Giray, and provides a detailed analysis of his reform activities. Based on published sources, the author describes the period of resettlement to Voronezh, and then to Kaluga. Based on the study of modern foreign historiography, the author describes the least studied period of Shagin Giray’s life after leaving for the Ottoman Empire in early 1787, as well as the representation of the circumstances of his death on the island of Rhodes in Russian historiography.

Discussion and Conclusion. In the course of the research, the author has concluded that Shagin Giray played a major role in the reform of the Crimean Khanate in its last years of existence. For the first time, the author has comprehensively analyzed the life path of Shagin Giray; the biographical data of the last Crimean Khan, previously unknown in Russian historiography, have been introduced into scientific circulation.

Introduction. Currently, scientific interest in the representatives of the Crimean Tatar noble class has increased, and more and more attention is being paid to the topic of the daily life of the Muslim elite of Crimea in different periods of time. The range of issues studied in the article is an unexplored aspect in the history of the Taurida province in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The article examines the Murz estate of Crimea in the late 19th and early 20th centuries through the eyes of its contemporary, Ismail Bey Gasprinsky, a reformist teacher and publisher who had a significant impact on the development of culture, education and public life of the majority of the Turkic-Muslim peoples of the Russian Empire. The goal of the research is to explore those aspects of social and private life of this class that most comprehensively inform about their hobbies, interests and lifestyle in general. It is these components that are vivid expressions of the spirit of the era and help to better understand the peculiarities of the daily life of representatives of noble Crimean Tatar families.

The Materials and Methods. General scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, comparative historical and problem-chronological methods have been used in the research. The research is based on unpublished sources, such as articles from the newspaper Terjiman, as well as books stored in the Bakhchisarai Museum-Reserve.

The Results. In accordance with the principles of historicism and objectivity, the author was the first to introduce previously unpublished sources on the history of the Crimean Tatar nobility into scientific circulation.

Discussion and Conclusion. The social life of the Crimean Murz have been examined: attending official events, participating in agricultural exhibitions, charity events. The leisure time of the Crimean Tatar elite, wedding celebrations and entertainment have been considered. It’s been concluded that the intellectual heritage of the enlightener I. Gasprinsky is not only a valuable source on the history of the formation and development of national periodicals and the education system of the Turkic-Muslim population of the Russian Empire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, but also provides insight into the virtually unexplored world of daily life in the Crimean Murz.

Introduction. Traditional folk clothing is an object of research for many specialists. Having gone a long way, the clothing has preserved elements passed down from generation to generation, which over time have become its tradition. A special connection with the original source – an object of material culture – is important and required for the traditions to be understandable and accessible to a contemporary.

The Materials and methods. The object of the research is the clothing of the Cossack population of the linear villages of the Transkuban region in the mid-19th – early 20th centuries. The goal of the research is to identify the types of clothing components at the regional level. The objective of the research is not only to describe the object of material culture itself, but also all possible collisions that entailed its existence, therefore, from a number of research methods, chronological and typological methods have been chosen.

The Research results. Unique household items, including traditional clothing items, are currently the property of museums; access to original clothing exhibits for various specialists is limited for various reasons. Museums publish materials from their collections; this information most often consists of a list of objects that are in the museum and their ethnic affiliation. This is not enough for the introduction of materials on clothing into scientific circulation; first of all, it is necessary to know a detailed description of the object of material culture and, in addition, without the typology of the object, important details can be overlooked. In addition to local history museums, in the 1980s, so-called People’s Museums were created and operated in some villages on the territory of the Krasnodar Territory, where household items of the Cossack population of the villages, including clothing, were presented. Over time, for a number of reasons, some of these museums ceased to exist; the fate of the original clothing exhibits also developed differently. Therefore, the materials collected in these People’s Museums and the materials collected in territorially remote local history museums will undoubtedly be the most valuable sources for future generations of researchers and various specialists.

Discussion and conclusion. The work on identifying the types of material culture items in the former linear villages of the Transkuban region using women’s and men’s shirts as an example has shown that the most archaic forms – tunic-shaped shirts – were not used by the indigenous population of the Transkuban region villages; among the studied original exhibits, variants of women’s shirts have been identified that have not been described in any ethnographic literary source known to the author.

Introduction. The relevance of the research is propelled by the fact that until now a significant part of the studies of the participation of the peoples of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War in the Red Army slided over the exact figures regarding the Crimean Tatars. Only with the return of Crimea to the Russian Federation in 2014 new opportunities appeared in covering the topic. The article is devoted to determining the contribution of the peoples of Russia to the Victory of the Great Patriotic War using the example of the Crimean Tatars who served in the ranks of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army during the years. The goal of the research is to establish the numerical composition of the Crimean Tatars in the ranks of the Red Army, both on the eve of the war and throughout its duration.

The Materials and methods. The applied research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency. Historical, biographical and historical-systemic methods have been used.

The results of the research. The main source of information was the published data of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, which have been systematized and grouped, highlighting information and final figures on officers and enlisted personnel, awards, participants in the partisan and underground movement, those killed and missing, and desertion. The scientific novelty of the research is that for the first time the number of the Crimean Tatars who were in the ranks of the Red Army before the announcement of general mobilization was named in comparison with other peoples and the total number of the Armed Forces of the USSR.

Discussion and conclusion. The total number of the Crimean Tatars participating in military operations, the total number of those killed and missing, and those awarded have been named. For the first time, a comparative analysis of the military service of the peoples of the USSR who were subjected to deportation was carried out during the Great Patriotic War the Balkars, the Ingushes, the Kalmyks, the Karachays, the Crimean Tatars, the Chechens in the areas of pre-war mobilization, military conscription with the beginning of the war, state policy of awards, the post-war fate of military personnel in places of special settlements.

The practical significance of the research is determined by the fact that the material can be used to determine the quantitative indicators of representatives of other Soviet peoples.

Introduction. The relevance of the research of digital technologies in education is due to their increasing integration into the educational process. Researches in this area often focus on the views of teachers, which highlights the need for a more in-depth analysis of students' experiences and their perceptions of digital learning.

The Materials and methods: review of literary sources; statistical analysis of the results of an online survey conducted from November 1 to 15, 2024 at the Kuban State Medical University.

The Results. Most respondents positively assess the available digital resources, expressing interest in specialized courses. The average satisfaction rating indicates a high level of approval of the use of information and computer technologies in teaching. The overwhelming majority of students use digital tools on a daily basis; however, problems with internet connection and sound quality during online lectures were identified.

Discussion. Distance and hybrid learning formats were the most preferable due to their flexibility. Students emphasize the importance of saving time and the ability to record lectures for later study. Despite the overall positive perception, the study identified existing problems, such as a lack of practical skills, data privacy issues, and decreased concentration.

Conclusion. The study of students' attitudes towards digital technologies in education reveals both the advantages of digitalization and the disadvantages, which will allow to develop strategies for optimizing digital learning.

Introduction. Management of a modern secondary comprehensive educational organization requires an integrated approach that combines stability, flexibility, and innovation. Integration of fundamental approaches to management necessitates solving the problem of organic combination of two fundamentally different management paradigms – a stable process approach and a dynamic project method. The synthesis of process and project methods of managing an educational organization is characterized by the presence of a set of interrelated organizational and managerial contradictions that require a systemic solution. The solution to the problem of implementing the process-project approach in the management of an educational organization is associated with the development of an integrated management model taking into account the specifics of management concepts. The goal of the research is to form an integrated process-project model of educational organization management.

The materials and methods. In preparing the article scientifically substantiated materials were used: articles in peer-reviewed journals on process and project management, hybrid models, monographs and collective works on management in education. The study used such theoretical methods as systems analysis, comparative analysis, matrix and mathematical modeling.

The Research results. Analysis of the content of the matrix process-project model and conceptual description of mathematical models of educational organization management has made it possible to form an integrated process-project model of the educational organization functioning. Discussion and conclusion. Comparison of the basic characteristics of the approaches allows us to get an idea of the advantages of their integration, to formulate the principles of creating a balanced system of educational organization management. The basic components of the model include a set of matrix models, as well as mathematical models of process and project management.

Introduction. Due to the growing importance of artificial intelligence technologies in higher education, there is a growing need to develop a methodology for teachers to use AI technologies in preparing student written works that meet all established regulatory requirements and rules of academic ethics.

The Materials and methods. In July 2024, the author conducted confidentiality and anonymously, a group interview with seven experts – colleagues aged 35 to 60 years, working in social and humanitarian fields for at least five years in universities in Moscow and Ufa. A pedagogical experiment, as well as an online survey of 46 graduate students of various fields of study of the Bashkir State Medical University and the Bashkir State Pedagogical University in the social network «Vkontakte» aged 22 to 25 years, of which 57.25% were women, 42.75% were men, 93%, natives of Bashkortostan, were conducred.

The Research results. The author's methodology developed during the research includes the following main components. First, the supervisor determines the general direction of the research, the list of specific AI tools, limitations on the use of AI, the responsibility of a student, etc. In turn, the student, using AI tools, creates the first version of the written work, taking into account the high probability of the artificial neural network inventing facts and sources. At the final stage, the supervisor makes a general assessment of the content and form of the written work, and discusses the achieved result with the student.

Discussion and conclusion. In general, the author's methodology allows integrating AI tools into classical classroom and extracurricular activities with the mandatory scientific supervision of a human teacher.

Introduction. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that in modern conditions there is a demand for specialists who speak several foreign languages. The university program «Translator in the field of professional communication» trains specialists who meet such demands in the labor market. When teaching a second foreign language within this program, a number of methodical problems arise.

The formulation of the research problem is determined by the lack of educational and methodological support for teaching this discipline, the tight time frame for mastering a second foreign language.

The goals of the research include identifying difficulties of students in the second foreign language (French) classes in the conditions of a non-linguistic university within the additional professional educational program for advanced training «Translator in the field of professional communication» at the initial stage, describing the methodological methods and techniques of teaching French as the second foreign language within the framework of the communicativecognitive approach aimed at solving students' problems.

The Materials and methods. The methods of the research used are the observation and system analysis method, the methodical experiment.

The Research results. As a result of the research, the possibility of using the motivating methodological methods and techniques described in the article for developing a methodology for teaching a second foreign language (French), on the basis of Russian and English as the first foreign language in the context of a translation program in a non-linguistic university at the initial stage of training has been presented.

Discussion and conclusion. Key conclusions have been made that teaching a second foreign language on the basis of Russian and the first foreign language English using the communicative-cognitive approach, the motivating methodological methods and teaching methods described in the study, identified and tested during training in the translation program, contributes to the achievement of the learning goal – the formation of linguistic and communicative competence in the second foreign language.

Introduction. The article considers the issues of the effectiveness of information and communication platforms (ICP) of government bodies in providing services to the population. The relevance is substantiated by the fact that ICPs are becoming an integral part of management processes, allowing not only to simplify citizens' access to state and municipal services, but also to ensure transparency of decision-making, prompt feedback and strengthening trust in government institutions.

The methods and materials used in the research are structural and functional analysis, content analysis – a study of Internet sites of government bodies at various levels, as well as a comparison method when comparing them according to various criteria.

The Research results. Unlike the commercial sector, where digital transformation is focused primarily on economic benefits, in public service such aspects as ensuring equal access to services, increasing government transparency, taking into account regional specifics and a differentiated approach to different groups of the population come to the fore.

Discussion and conclusion. To analyze the effectiveness of the ICP, three levels of government in the Russian Federation have been considered: federal, regional and municipal ones. This approach allowed us to identify common features and differences in the implementation of digital solutions at different levels of government. The analysis has shown that federal-level digital platforms are superior to regional and municipal ones in functionality, convenience and relevance, but are inferior in their focus on the daily needs of citizens. Regional platforms occupy an intermediate position, combining information and basic services, while municipal ones focus on local tasks, but are limited by technical and resource capabilities.

Introduction. Today social transformations affect all aspects of society. Rapid changes in society, economy, culture, politics and other areas lead to changes in value orientations. Technological progress and the active use of artificial intelligence inevitably lead to a revision of the traditional requirements for the profession, which in turn creates modern trends in the system of student training in higher education institutions. Thus, the introduction of new technologies and transformations in society replace the usual competencies, expecting employees to have skills that correspond to the trends of the modern world, thereby creating prospects for the development of society.

The Materials and Methods. The article uses the results of sociological research by Russian scientists, and the authors conducted a focus group discussion among students of Penza State University and in-depth interviews with potential employers of the Penza region.

The Results. The article presents the reasons for the need to introduce research work into the educational process of students at the university. Special attention is paid to the study of the correspondence of employers' needs to the competencies of applicants and the expectations of graduates about the requirements for successful employment. Sociological research has shown that the views of modern Russian youth on the need to introduce scientific and creative work differ from those of employers. Since not all students support the decision to include additional classes related to scientific research and creative work in their studies, since they do not see its benefits for themselves at the present time and in the future. At the same time, employers express the need for graduates with scientific and creative skills.

Discussion and Conclusion. It has been concluded that a positive effect should be expected from attracting students to research, but on condition that they are constantly included throughout the entire period of study. In higher education it is necessary to create favorable conditions for the scientific activity of students: to organize the work of scientific interest groups, to provide the necessary material and technical equipment, to provide scientific and methodological material and to stimulate work by encouraging morally and financially.

Introduction. Universities occupy a central place in the culture of any civilization, accumulating the achievements of mankind in science and education. They form the core of the scientific community, preserving and passing on the accumulated knowledge to new generations. Their main goal is to train qualified specialists capable of developing society and moving progress forward. However, the activities of universities go far beyond simply teaching students. They actively influence public life, stimulate the creation of scientific communities, support innovative projects and the dissemination of advanced ideas. History shows that the most talented and active representatives of the intelligentsia traditionally gathered around universities. Many outstanding thinkers, writers, artists and politicians received their education in universities. Universities were the birthplace of many social movements, political parties and creative unions. The methodological basis of the research is based on general scientific methods of synthesis, analysis, generalization and systematization.

The Research results. Identification of the key role of universities in the formation of the intellectual potential of society and ensuring sustainable development of the state and the entire world community.

Discussion and conclusion. Today, despite the changes in the world, universities remain an important element of the cultural landscape of each country. They help to preserve national traditions, cultivate patriotism and shape the worldview of young people. Moreover, universities provide a link between generations, maintaining the continuity of knowledge and experience. It can be safely said that the quality of higher education reflects the general level of development of society. The stronger and more authoritative the universities, the higher the likelihood of a successful future for the country.

Introduction. The level of involvement of NPOs of the Republic of Adygea in the prevention of terrorism, extremism and global information threats have been identified. The structure of the non-commercial sphere of the Republic of Adygea at the present stage has been investigated; the main areas of activity of NPOs in Adygea have been considered; the problems of population involvement in events organized by NPOs of the Republic of Adygea have been analyzed; the forms of NPO activity that contribute to counteracting extremism, terrorism and information threats have been determined.

The Materials and Methods. The following methods have been used in the research: analysis of documents posted on the official websites of regional authorities and NPOs of the Republic of Adygea; a sociological survey of the population of the Republic of Adygea has also been conducted.

The Research results. The results obtained during the research have indicated that among the NPOs of the Republic of Adygea there are no organizations that work with the population to counter terrorism, extremism and global information threats; in reality, the involvement of residents of the Republic of Adygea in the activities of NPOs is characterized as low. An objective need of the population to increase the activity of NPOs in matters of preventing terrorism, extremism and global information threats has been noted. At the same time, we can talk about the positive indirect influence of NPO activities on the formation of living conditions in the region, which do not contribute to the manifestation of such phenomena as terrorism, extremism and crimes in the information sphere.

Discussion and conclusion. The conducted research can contribute to increasing the level of socio-cultural competence of the managers and employees of the NPO system in matters of the activities of organizations that contribute to countering extremism, terrorism and information threats, as well as optimizing and rationalizing the management mechanisms of the Republic authorities to support NPOs countering extremism, terrorism and information threats.