The article considers the relevant problem of ensuring access of the female population to all forms of education at the initial stage of the Soviet modernization in the multinational region of the country, where significant influence norms of Islam and local traditions remained during the considered period under review. The authors use the principle of historicism, comparative historical, chronological, statistical methods and a systematic approach to show that regional historiographic developments have preserved unique evidence of the fact that in the 1920s - 1930s mountain women of the multinational mountainous region eliminated their illiteracy, and the availability of basic, secondary and higher vocational education allowed them to take a worthy place in various sectors of the national economy and culture. The authors of the described works were public and state figures, practitioners, correspondents of periodicals, demonstrating their commitment to the ideas of socialism, socialist construction; they contributed significantly to the regional Historiography of women's history in the 1920s - 1930s, laying the foundations for research for future generations of historians.

The article studies the topical scientific problem of creating the structure of party and political education in the first two decades of the Soviet power. The issues of training qualified personnel for party and state bodies were the most important in the implementation of the national policy of the Soviet state in the specified chronological period. The purpose of the research is to trace the implementation of the policy of training party personnel in the real conditions of the multinational republic of Dagestan. What were the ways and methods of training management personnel? The article highlights the process of political education with the involvement of documentary sources and special scientific research into scientific circulation. The main issues of creating a network of party and political educational institutions in the republic are considered. What were the terms of training, the content and volume of training programs, methods and forms of training? At the initial stage the shortage of personnel was partly made up by organizing courses to train the needed specialists, and after that, creation of training centers. The role of the Soviet party school in personnel training, which began to function in the republic in the 1920s, is especially noted. As a result of the research, the conclusion has been made that thanks to the purposeful work of the Soviet state a system of party education was formed in a short period of time in Dagestan; it worked successfully and its structure consisted of several stages. It included a party school, political schools and courses, circles of the advanced and secondary types, mobile schools, etc. The author concludes that in the 1920s-1930s the foundations of party-political education were laid, which later became one of the important components that influenced the process of forming the leading party cadres.

State modernization is impossible without creating a reliable, effective health care system capable of ensuring high-quality livelihoods of people. The choice of the most optimal variant of its reform is possible if they take into account the historical experience accumulated by the system on the way of its development. Researchers pay special attention to the post-reform period (1861-1917), in which fundamental changes took place in public medicine, that is the creation of zemstvo medicine, and later, on the model of zemstvo, and urban medicine. The article examines the history of the formation of urban medicine in Maykop, relating to this period of active reforms on the basis of archival materials. The author notes that the status of the city and the proposed conditions attracted highly qualified specialists to work. The competitive basis of the appointment to the position made it possible to select the best. Such as V.F.Soloviev, who had two higher educations in Physics and Mathematics from St. Petersburg University and in Medicine from Kharkov University, S.M. Kogan who was a graduate of the Kharkov Medical Faculty, who was also educated in France and Germany, M.M. Kaplanskaya who was a graduate of the University of Zurich and others. Attention is also drawn to the special attitude towards infectious patients? And to the construction of separate barracks for their maintenance and treatment, as well as for insurance of doctors working with infectious diseases. The priority for the city government of the problems of medical provision of the population is noted.

The article discusses the use of video materials of public speaking of the TE D Talks platform as a means of teaching liaison interpreting in a non-linguistic university. The key features of TED Talks and the benefits of their use compared with feature films have been formulated. The relevance of using these video materials is determined by their ability to expand the horizons of students through a variety of topics, demonstrate various national versions of the English language and accents, convey the speaker's emotions and introduce the structure of public speech in English. The research problem is to identify the difficulties faced by a student studying oral interpretation, and provide solutions through the use of the specified format of video materials. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need for the use of TED Talks in teaching liaison interpreting. The main research method is system analysis. The result of the research is the experience of implementing interpretation training with TED Talks on the example of groups with Intermediate proficiency level and higher. Methods of classroom work have been given, graded by complexity and number of participants. Conclusions have been made that the specificity of video recordings of public speeches of TED Talks contributes not only to the successful practice of liaison interpreting, but also to its adequate assessment in a classroom environment.

The relevance is due to the intensive distribution of digital technologies in all spheres of activity of modern society. The importance of the digital transformation of the educational process is due to the global processes of transition to the digital economy and digital society. It is up to the education sector to decide what these prospects will be. The research problem is: what are the trends of digital transformation of education in modern conditions? The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need for digital transformation in education, which is based on legislative and other legal acts of the Russian Federation, data from international classification and analytical agencies, materials of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and statistical surveillance. The following methods have been used in the research: analysis, synthesis, analog method. The results. The article discusses the problems of the spread of digital technologies, noted the widespread use of information and communication (digital) technologies in education, which is associated with the change in the settings in the field of socio-economic development, identifies the main areas of development of digital educational technologies that will help to expand the possibilities of learning. creation of a single digital educational space. The necessity of creation of infrastructure, normative and methodological base, which will facilitate realization of priority projects of digital transformation of education is justified. The main trends of digital transformation in the development of educational processes have been highlighted. Based on an assessment of the current state of the Russian education system and its comparison with world trends, the main directions of the necessary changes have been identified, each of which should be the subject of self-study, with specific goals, priorities set and a roadmap formed by the roadmap for implementing the information system Key Conclusions. The identified trends show the need to improve the quality of education through the use of information and communication technologies. The results of the research testify to the demand of specialists in the field of information and communication technologies in the labor market. The Russian education system has created the necessary base for the use of information and technological infrastructure, regulatory and legal support and application of information technologies in the educational process, which should be the basis for the participation of Russian universities in the digital economy. State-run education programs will help build a quality education system at all levels.

The socio-cultural situation of the modern world is characterized by the active use of digital technologies in all spheres of life: economy, healthcare, services, education. The forced regime of restrictive measures during the coronavirus pandemic in the spring of 2020 changed the educational situation in the world directly, all educational institutions transitted totally to a distance format with the active use of digital educational environment. The implementation of digital education has contributed to changes not only in educational technologies, but also in its paradigm, the dominant component of which was digitalization - the process of transforming education into an electronic format. The research problem lies in the analysis of the category “digitalization of education”, identification of its content and principles. The purpose of the study is to reveal topical issues of digitalization of education in modern conditions. The research methodology consisted of a set of methods of scientific knowledge: analysis, synthesis, generalization. The research results are theoretical substantiation of the category “digitalization of education”; identification of the purpose and principles of digitalization of education in modern conditions; presentation of popular online training platforms that are used in the practice of higher educational institutions; formulation of the prospects for digitalization of education in modern conditions. Key conclusions: the digital educational environment includes meaningful and target contexts, integrating the progressive achievements of electronic educational technologies to ensure the development of educational programs by students in full, regardless of their location in accordance with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of education in a distance format; distance education is carried out on the basis of popular online training platforms (Moodle, Edmodo, iSpring, WebTutor).

Group project-based training at a university is considered as a modern teaching technology aimed at solving a wide range of tasks from the development of practical skills of students to the integration of business tasks of potential employers for university graduates into the activities of the university. The implementation of group project training has an impact on the participants of the educational process, which is expressed in the manifestation of a social effect. The social effect of the implementation of group project-based training at a university is defined as the result that the subjects of project-based training receive. The relevance of the research topic is characterized by the need to study the social effect for participants in the educational process when implementing new educational technologies, such as group project training. The purpose of the research is to study the social effect that can be obtained in the case of implementation of group project-based training at a university. The main research method is system analysis. The experience of implementation of group project training is presented on the example of a university. It has been concluded that the implementation of group project-based training at a university will contribute to the manifestation of a social effect at the level of the region, employers, university and students.

The need to solve the problem of studying dialectisms in the context of multilingual education is a relevant issue. Dialectal characteristics of a particular language, especially in connection with other languages, play an important role in the development of students' interest in their native language, a deeper understanding of the specifics of other languages. The study of dialectal variants of somatisms, as the names of individual parts of the body, coupled with an examination of their use in other studied languages, helps students not only to see the linguistic diversity, the relationship of languages, but also to solve the problem of developing the culture of oral and written speech, taking into account the norms of the literary language. The article discloses the features of work with dialect vocabulary in the Native language and Literature classes, taking into account the polylingual nature of education. The purpose of the research is to consider the specifics of the study of dialectal somatisms at the lessons of the native (Tatar) language and Literature in a multilingual environment. The research methods used are theoretical analysis, synthesis, generalization of information. The Results: The study of dialectal somatisms in the native (Tatar) language and Literature classes in the conditions of multilingual education is based on the use of a system of tasks that imply work with the word, including work with various sources of information (dictionaries, reference books), with works of oral folk art, fiction texts, Internet resources, as well as material from a living spoken language.

The article justifies the urgency and necessity of studying the Chinese education system, education system have beencompared, strong and weak aspects of the education systems of Russia and China have been revealed. The purpose of the study is to identify the causes and analyze the intensive digitization and informatization of China, to determine the ways and means by which the Chinese education system is being modernized. The article justifies the development of distance and online learning, which covers all segments of the population and provides them with information, regardless of territorial affiliation. The aspects providing digitization of not only the production spheres, but also the educational process have been revealed. Creation of an educational space in each country becomes necessary provided that the existing communication networks that cover the whole country and determine the formation of high-quality education and a generation capable of quickly solving tasks based on information technologies. The possibilities of Chinese education to form the prerequisites for the creation of artificial intelligence have been considered, which is the fundamental task of modern humanity as a whole. The arguments for the development of educational systems in Russia and China have been presented, which have both general tendencies and differences in the implementation of programs for education digitization and informatization.

In recent decades ecological changes, emergence of negative manifestations of technogenic, anthropogenic nature, transformations in the social and economic space have defined the relevance of public discourses in defence of the domestic cultural heritage. Social self-government plays an important role in preserving historical and cultural traditions of our society. The level of local self-government is a starter for social and economic development of all regions of our country, including the impact on the state of cultural and social climate. Preserving cultural heritage in the regions is one of the most urgent and important issues. Lack of adequate funding, weak interaction within the system of the society - municipal authorities - business, often does not allow to carry out the necessary level of preservation of the historical and cultural past. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of local self-government influences the possibility of solving the problems of preservation and use of such facilities. The aim of the research is to find effective ways to interact with local authorities, business and the public, in the field of creating an effective system for saving and using cultural heritage objects. A comparative and structural-functional approach have been used in the research as a basic methodology. Systematic review of the mechanisms of the work of state structures, allows to proceed to the analysis of public civil institutions. The main result of the work is theoretical revision of the acute problem of preservation of forms of cultural heritage in the conditions of local self-government. The most promising ways to develop the practice of local authorities, to address issues of preservation and rational use of historically significant cultural objects have been identified. It has been concluded that applying the cluster technology for the development of the social environment as the basis for the solution of the complex issue of preservation of cultural and historical heritage is prospective. The main aspects formulated in the research process can be used as a theoretical and methodological basis for deeper scientific research in this field.

The article considers a relevant sociological topic. The problem of the research consists in the feasibility of the development of territorial public self-government, as well as in the lack of its comprehensive scientific research as a factor in the development of civil society. The purpose of the research is to reveal the specifics and perspectives of territorial public self-government as a factor in the development of civil society. The method of “case study” has been used, a comprehensive analysis of the currently functioning territorial structures of public self-government has been carried out. The following conclusions have been formulated: the system of socially significant decision-making is multi-level and includes both small units (rural TSC) and regional governance structures; regional and municipal authorities cooperate with the structures of territorial public self-government in solving the tasks of improving the quality of life of the population, improving the natural and social environment, forming a civil society in the territory of the region. Practical recommendations have been formulated: to improve trilateral inter-sectoral cooperation aimed at the development of territorial public self-government; to actualize legal acts regulating the activities of local public structures, in part their real impact on the management decisions made by the municipal authorities, as well as the legitimate and effective implementation of citizens' initiatives; to involve representatives of different generations, as well as entrepreneurs, clergy in the TSC; to improve the system of obtaining reliable information on the opinions of citizens and social groups through the development of territorial public self-government.

The article studies regional culture as an object of national and regional cultural policy implementation. Scientific literature on various aspects of regional culture has been overviewed, its role in shaping the integrity of the national culture has been given. It is necessary to use a methodology that allows to study regional culture on the basis of interdisciplinary approach. Understanding the processes in the regional culture cannot be done without knowledge of historical information, geoclimatic conditions, specifics of traditions and customs, peculiarities of the psychology of the population of the region, forms of artistic and aesthetic practices, principles of economic determination, forms of political regulation, forms of political regulation. The article focuses on the methods of Cultural Sociology and Management Sociology because the main carriers of the cultural tradition and the object of management are the people. The study reveals the essence of the infrastructure approach to the regional culture management, states the lack of such approach, as it is incapable of taking into account the deep cultural needs of regional society. The need for historically developed traditions in the regional cultural policy, myths and cultural symbols, realized in the daily life of the population and the cultural landscape has been grounded. The goals of cultural policy should not be a quantitative increase in the material resources of cultural institutions, but rather should take into account the needs of a man for freedom, economic stability, civilized development of life location, creativity, balance of work and leisure, participation in making decisions on the development of of cultural space infrastructure.

The article analyzes the empirical data and discusses the problems of forming an image of a law clerk in the Orlov region. The relevance of the topic of the research is due to the huge outflow and constant flow of personnel in the courts, as well as in the preparation of the so-called “portrait” of a law clerk to identify his/her strengths and weaknesses. The purpose of the research is to analyze and study the Orlov regional court apparatus as a professional group. The object of the study is the staff of the Orlov regional court apparatus, the subject of which is the formation of the image of a staff member of the Orlovsk regional court apparatus as a member of the professional group. The author used the method of mass survey (questionnaire). The sample size was 26 people, of which 84% were women and 16% were men who were employees of the Zavodsky District Court. Oryol. The research has shown that court staff are a special social group that has certain social and demographic characteristics. The author notes that such characteristics as gender, age, social status, geographical mobility, education are crucial in shaping the image of the court staff in the Orlov region. The main distinguishing features of the above-mentioned workers as a professional group are strict subordination, performance, accuracy, discipline, responsibility, ideology.

The relevance of the research is due to the imbalance and high level of systemic risks accompanying the development of postmodern society. One of the ways to rationalize the stochastic and heuristic factors of social development of post-modern society is the sociological concept of gaming, which is applicable both at the society level as a whole and for one of its key institutions - the institute of social management, which ensures the stability of social development in the conditions of bifurcation and systemic risks of modern technogenic Western civilization. The methodological basis of the research is the so-called. Bourdieu’s “structuralist constructivism”, recognizing the interdependence of objective social structures and social practices of actors, on the one hand, and the existence of some matrices of a social action of an individual, determining its practical ability to construct social objects, on the other hand. Using the concept of game habit and P. Bourdieu’s social fields, the authors point out the possibility and relevance of the use of gaming techniques in the social management system, the reflexivity of the social subject and the rejection of the rigid dictatorship of social institutions becomes one of the social actor's life strategy in postmodern society. The authors conclude that the use of the gamification method in social management allows to rationalize the stochastic factors of social evolution and to increase the efficiency of performing one of the central functions of the institute of social management, that is ensuring the sustainable development of society.

In recent decades Russia has become a part of a global educational and cultural space. Expansion of individual freedoms and opportunities gives a person the right to form his social and professional choice based on internal needs and personal interests. The relevance of the topic is due to the growth of educational migration and the related problem of adaptation of foreign students to a new socio-cultural environment. The aim of the research is to study the factors influencing the adaptation process of foreign students in a Russian university. The methods of analysis and synthesis, structural and functional ones have been used, and to obtain empirical data interviewing and questioning have been used. In the course of the research the factors influencing the adaptation process of foreign students in a Russian educational institution have been identified. First of all, these are the individual psychological qualities of a person, personal sympathies and antipathies of students, as well as religious, political, social, ethnopsychological and spiritual characteristics. As a result of the study the authors have concluded that it is necessary to develop adaptation programs and introduce them into the educational process, taking into account the identified problems.