The presented research touches upon the issues of the emergence, functioning and liquidation of economic councils. The article shows the main reasons that signaled the beginning of the structural decentralization of the management system, as well as the factors that caused the reverse process.

The methodological basis of the presented research is an approach based on the use of the historicism principle. It allows us to analyze historical stages in accordance with the specific historical situation in their dialectical interconnection and conditionality. The application of the historicism principle requires the study of any component of the historical process in its development. Guided by this principle, the author sought to show the transformation of the industrial management system of the USSR in 1957–1964. The principle under consideration was used in conjunction with the methods of scientific knowledge. In his research, the author used such general scientific research methods as analysis, synthesis, deduction and abstraction.

The relative effectiveness of the obtained reforms has been shown. At the same time, structural changes in the management system could not give an explosive character to the growth of the industrial sector. The reasons for the curtailment of economic councils lay not only in voluntarism or organizational problems, but in the absence of a single system of decentralized management. Under the slogans of territorial administration, in real practice, sectoral centralized administration was preserved. In addition, the system itself, being inert throughout the reforms, followed the path of strengthening departmental-sectoral management.

The article examines the issues of the anti-fascist struggle in the Ak-Sheikhsky district of the Crimean ASSR during the Great Patriotic War and the assistance of patriots to the intelligence of the 51st Army of the 4th Ukrainian Front. The purpose of the article is to analyze the above-mentioned scientific problems on the basis of previously unpublished documents from the funds of the municipal archive of the Administration of the Razdolnensky district, the State Archive of the Republic of Crimea and the Yalta Historical and Literary Museum. The research methods used are source studies, historical and typological, retrospective, statistical and biographical methods.

The author focuses on the problem of organizing the underground movement in the territory of the Akh-Sheikh region from the middle of 1942, on the role of A.A. Mikhailov, authorized by the Crimean Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, in uniting disparate underground groups into an integral cohesive structure, analyzing the activities of the underground workers of the Ak-Sheikh region district, on the establishment of contacts by patriots of the Ak-Sheikh region with intelligence structures of the 51st Army of the 4th Ukrainian Front (late 1943 – early 1944).

The study revealed previously unpublished materials on the activities of the underground movement on the territory of the Akh-Sheikhsky, the Larindorfsky, the Krasno-Perekopsky regions of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The contribution of the undergrounders to the common cause of the anti-fascist struggle, as well as the creation of conditions for the successful liberation of the Peninsula from the German-Romanian occupation in the spring of 1944 was noted.

The article is based on the materials of the church registers of the Grado-Tyumen Assumption Church in the city of Tyumen, the Tyumen district, the Tobolsk province, and analyzes the features of marital behavior and the dynamics of the distribution of marriages in the city of Tyumen in 1863–1867 in order to find out how and with what intensity the changes occurred in the traditional values of premarital and marital behavior in this territory. This fact substantiates the relevance of the research, since without a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of the distribution of marriages and identification of the characteristics of marital behavior, it is impossible to fully imagine the social and economic evolution of the city of Tyumen as the largest and most important commercial and industrial center of Russia beyond the Urals. Various aspects of the marital behavior of the inhabitants of the city of Tyumen in the Tobolsk province in the second half of the 19th century have been considered on the basis of modern methodological principles of gender studies; situations with secondary and subsequent marriages, interclass marriages, and marriages with immigrants have been studied. The position of widows of soldiers and their attractiveness as brides in the territory of the Tyumen district has also studied, and the reasons for marriages with a large age difference in favor of the bride identified. A conclusion has been made about the features of marital behavior and the parameters of the distribution of weddings during the year, the age of marriage and the social origin of the spouses.

In the modern world with an ever-increasing interest in the development of artistic culture, many new works of literature and art appear. In this context the study of the history of certain aspects of the Dagestan culture (literature and art, etc.) is relevant today and its studying should be carried out in close connection with the development of the Dagestan multinational culture as a whole. In this regard, the problem of women’s literature and the «female image» in literature is also relevant.

The article considers some aspects of women’s literary creativity, the place of female literature and an «image of a woman» in Dagestan literature in 1950s, and gender difference in covering female issues. For this purpose, special monographic studies and media materials have been used.

In conclusion, the image of a positive hero has been noted as one of the main themes in Dagestan literature in the post-war period and 1950s. The issue of the Great Patriotic War was too close and heavy; it was also reflected in the works of women poets. Dagestan poets and writers paid special attention to highlighting the heavy fate of mountain women who actively fought for their free future and the desire to actively participate in the social, political and cultural life of the Republic.

The relevance of the research is determined by the need for high-quality staffing for the maritime industry, further cooperation with employers, improving the quality of professional language training for cadets of a maritime university, continuous professional growth, testing and evaluation of professional knowledge.

The research problem is as follows: how will new integrated models of teaching maritime cadets improve the quality of professional language training?

The aim of the research is to substantiate the need to update ideas and determine the prospects for improving the quality of professional language training in a maritime university, which affect the formation of professional competence of a navigation engineer in the conditions of successful implementation of an electronic information and educational environment.

The research methods used are analysis, synthesis, generalization. The Institute of Water Transport named after G.Ya. Sedov acted as an experimental base.

The results of the research are the following: the ideas of improving the quality of language training, which are already being implemented by a maritime university have been described, namely, the use of information and communication technologies in blended learning and the problems of implemented ideas for improving the quality of language training identified; updated ideas and prospects for improving the quality of professional language training at a maritime university presented.

Key conclusions: for high-quality staffing of a maritime industry it is necessary to update the ideas and prospects for improving the quality of language training of cadets of a maritime university in the context of the successful implementation of an electronic information and educational environment based on an integrated approach to the process of interaction between language and professional training using simulation training models.

The increased interest in the problem of giftedness, and factors contributing to the development and self-realization of gifted students have determined the relevance of the research. A promising trend in working with gifted students is networking, which is manifested in the integration of the activities of various organizations. The research problem lies in the development of approaches to the organization of project and research activities of gifted children based on network interaction. The purpose of the research is to create a model for organizing research and project activities of gifted students based on network interaction.

During the research the following methods were used: the study of literature and results of activities, analysis, synthesis, generalization, modeling. In the course of the research the principles of an educational system for working with gifted children based on network interaction were developed: consistency; coordination of actions; multilevel, multifunctionality; availability of conditions and services; continuity; targeted orientation of educational services; openness and awareness; adequacy of educational services. The conclusions have been drawn that the network mentoring based on the formation of a «developing network» can become a mechanism that ensures network interaction in working with gifted children. Common elements for the «developing network» are values and meanings, research issues, principles and mechanisms, etc. A productive way to organize the research activities of gifted students is a network project. It is based on a topical issue that is of interest to all categories of participants. The product of joint research activities is not only the project itself, but also the skills of scientific communication that gifted children acquire in the process of working on it.

At present in the context of modernization of the educational system, a modern teacher cannot succeed without knowledge of the possibilities of information and communication technologies (ICT). As the works of domestic researchers show [1; 3; 5], these technologies in Mathematics lessons can significantly increase the effectiveness of teaching. However, in the education system, the experience of using a private component of ICT – local computer networks (LCN) is not as long as, for example, in enterprises [9]. On the basis of the foregoing, the research problem is to form methodology for the use of LCN in the process of teaching Mathematics.

The purpose of the research is to reveal the possibilities of using the LCN in the process of teaching Mathematics at school. To achieve this goal, the works devoted to the problems of using information technologies in teaching Mathematics have been analyzed, and a stating experiment in MBOU Lyceum No. 35 in Stavropol have been conducted to identify the possibilities of using LCN. In the course of the research the methods of analysis, synthesis and systematization of material on the problem of the use of LCN in education, questionnaires and conversations with teachers have been used.

On the basis of literature analysis and the conducted ascertaining experiment, the authors have classified the LCN tools according to their methodological purpose, and have given the possibilities and requirements for the use of a local network in teaching Mathematics at the levels of basic and secondary general education. Along with this, the article reveals the demand for the use of LCNs at the levels of basic and secondary general education.

The use of information and communication technologies in educational activities has expanded the possibilities of linguodidactic services, including the process of learning the Latin language. Digital educational resources have changed the quality of life in the context of globalization by providing new opportunities for access to digital resources of world libraries, active use of the linguodidactic potential of teaching Latin from leading educational institutions and practitioners. This actualizes the presented study, the problem of which is to reveal the educational potential of the Internet environment as a driver for learning the Latin language.

The purpose of the research is to substantiate the possibility of using Internet resources as a means of Linguodidactics in the study of the Latin language. To achieve the stated goal a set of research methods has been used: analysis of scientific research on the problem under study, generalization of information sources on the Internet, systematization, classification, methods of visual presentation.

The results and key conclusions are as follows: a range of educational Internet resources that can be used to learn the Latin language have been reviewed; the didactic potential of Internet resources in Latin analyzed; the advantages of computer linguodidactics for learning the Latin language described.

The results of the research expand the understanding of linguodidactic services on the Internet using the example of the Latin language, which in general expands the theory and teaching methods. The proposed classification of educational Internet resources can be used by teachers in teaching the Latin language.

The need for a serious theoretical understanding of dynamically developing types of visual media content, which include interactive infographics has determined the relevance of the research. Medical students must structure, present and remember the algorithm for questioning the patient. The creation of such texts provides favorable conditions for the implementation of the principles of visibility and communication. One of the practical methods of such a multimedia text can be an educational and methodological cluster on the topic «Angina pectoris», designed to train foreign students of medical universities, which helps to form and develop the necessary skills and competencies of future medical students. The problem of the research is to substantiate the interactive map “Patient Enquiry” as a method of teaching medical students.

The purpose of the research is to create interactive infographics aimed at systematizing and consolidating the knowledge of medical students in the «Patient Enquiry» section.

The research methods. The article describes practical experience of creating interactive infographics of the «Patient Enquiry» section (on the example of Angina pectoris) for 2d and 3d year medical students.

The research results. The first information block is a list of information requested by a doctor from a patient. Block II is a cluster of lexical and grammatical information materials. Block III includes interrogative constructions for each thematic block and options for the patient’s answers.

Key findings. The dominance of visual information has a meaningful and structural impact on both the educational sphere and psychology of a student. A doctor with communication technologies is able to create an atmosphere of trust and mutual respect that is comfortable for a patient, to solve his professional task - to effectively diagnose the disease. The result of teaching the language of the specialty should be stable knowledge, skills and communication skills in the educational, scientific and professional fields with further access to a doctor’s professional speech.

The article discusses psychological and pedagogical features of distance learning at a university, as well as trends and problems of organizing the educational process in the context of counteracting coronavirus infection in Russian universities. The urgency of the problem is argued by the fact that at present distance learning has become the most demanded and promising form of education. Special attention is paid to the introduction of distance learning technologies, where online learning is considered as an integral part of a harmonious education system, characterized by a number of features. As part of the research the following tasks have been solved: the problems caused by the distance learning mode have been set; data have been analyzed and an algorithm for solving problems have been defined, and recommendations aimed at creating psychologically comfortable conditions for students in the framework of distance learning have been developed; an algorithm aimed at identifying and studying the psychological difficulties arising in the process of distance learning has been formed.

The research methodology was based on the use of a questionnaire, the purpose of which was to identify and study psychological problems arising in the process of distance learning. It has been concluded that the majority of students wish to continue their education in the traditional familiar form, which is more effective in perceiving information, mastering the material and developing the necessary skills and abilities.

Also, the authors have proposed recommendations for teachers and students aimed at reducing discomfort during classes in an online format.

The article is devoted to studying theoretical and methodological foundations of teaching a foreign language as a factor in the formation of professional competence of students – future economists. The author substantiates the relevance and significance of the research topic in the context of the prospects for social demand for specialists in the economic sphere. Skills the formation and development of which is necessary to meet this request have been considered, the model of “skills of the future” specified.

It has been noted that in order to initiate and fund this model, which expresses the full-fledged («closed») professional competence of students - future economists, there is a need to form an additional, “third skill”, namely mastering a foreign language (foreign language skill). The problem, therefore, lies in the need to select an adaptive and effective methodological approach (model of teaching methodology), regardless of the teaching format adopted in the educational organization.

The purpose of the research is to select the best alternative and its argumentation. To achieve this goal, the following research methods have been used: general scientific (dialectical, analysis and synthesis of available literature data, comparisons and analogies, annotation, note-taking and abstracting of information obtained from modern scientific sources) methods, special (systemic, comparative analysis, etc.) methods. The results of the research show that the most optimal methodology for teaching a foreign language as a factor in the formation of professional competence of students – future economists is the methodology of task-based learning (TBL).

The article provides theoretical and practical justification for the effectiveness of project method application in teaching students of construction specialties in a technical university. The relevance of the research is determined by changes in the pace and paradigms of social life, transformation of the demands of students and employers, to which higher education has to respond, looking for new, innovative methods in relation to vocational education.

The purpose of the research is to prove the effectiveness of project method application in teaching «Foreign Language» in relation to construction specialties through a theoretical generalization of the material on the chosen topic. The authors also set a goal to prove that the described methodology helps students to better navigate their future profession, since the project method is designed to combine theoretical and practical components of the educational process. Domestic and foreign literature on the selected topic have been analyzed, which has formed the basis of the research. Using empirical and theoretical research methods, the authors have managed to substantiate the relevance of the project methodology application in higher education, as well as using quantitative, statistical data processing methods to mathematically prove the effectiveness of the project method technology stated in the hypothesis, note the universality of the technology and the possibility of embedding in any educational field.

At present the importance of digital educational resources in the context of the digital economy is great. Digital educational technologies play the role of a serious driver leading to constructive changes in the field of the institution of education in the direction of its qualitative modernization.

The digital restructuring of the education sector determined the emergence and promotion of relevant educational technologies as a means of adapting educational institutions to changing environmental conditions. The problem of the research is relevant and consists in the disclosure of relevant educational technologies in a digital educational environment.

The purpose of the research is to analyze scientific data, as well as our own experience, to reveal relevant educational technologies in a digital educational environment. The research methods used are analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, generalization. The results are the following: the problem of application of digital technologies in Physical culture and sports has been considered; the main trends in the field of educational technologies in the field of physical culture and sports indicated; functions of EdTech as relevant digital tools in educational activities described. The conclusion has been made that the development of Physical culture and sports is inextricably linked with the development of digital industry; digital educational technologies partly contribute to solving a number of problems: they motivate people to go in for Physical culture and sports and competitive sports; raise awareness among athletes with a wide range of digital decision support systems; allow you to organize the day regimen and individual trainings; monitor the training process, etc.

At present, domestic pedagogical science is faced with a change in the educational paradigm. One of the most serious changes has affected the tourism and hospitality industry, which, together with the transformation of the domestic educational space, raises new questions in the system of training for the industry within the framework of higher education.

The purpose of the research is to determine the main changes in the transition to new educational standards within the enlarged group of specialties and directions of «Hospitality, service and provision of services». To achieve this goal, the following research methods have been used: the study of scientific literature, analysis, generalization, description.

The results of the research are the following: it has been revealed that the main problem in the transition from one generation of specialized educational standards to another generation is the change in the competence of the student training model. In the process of transition to new educational standards within the framework of UGSN 42 «Hospitality, service and provision of services», a change in the areas of training, as well as the implemented competency model, has been noted.

Key conclusions: The Russian system of higher education and the tourism industry are on the verge of global changes due to the launch of a pilot project to change the levels of vocational education, the transition from the Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education of the 3++ generation to the 4th generation standards. The main problem in the transition from one generation of specialized educational standards to another generation, which directly affects the entire structure of training for the tourism and hospitality industry, is a change in the competence of the student training model.

Currently the institution of the family and marriage relations is undergoing serious changes due to transformational processes of the Russian society. These changes are reflected in the variability of forms and models of the modern family and the common-law marriage is universally popular.

In the context of the modernization of society, traditional gender stereotypes are being eroded, leading to a revision of established behavioral norms and social roles in the family, forming the value-motivational foundations of marriage.

The Methods. The works of domestic and foreign scientists who studied the peculiarities of the gender perspective in the system of family and marriage relations have become the theoretical basis of the research. The works of Russian sociologists and the results of an independent sociological study conducted within the framework of this problem have become the empirical basis.

The Results. The thesis has been confirmed that the distribution of social roles between a man and a woman in a common-law marriage is contradictory, revealing the features of the gender display, significantly different from the traditional system of gender interaction.

Practical significance. The conducted research confirms the need to create a comprehensive system of knowledge about the family, prepare the younger generation for future family and marriage relations that contribute to the preservation of the basic values of the traditional family.

Environmental regulation becomes an indispensable activity for preserving human life. The negative impact of the fashion industry on the environment is growing. The article presents the results of an empirical study conducted by the authors using the survey method in Spring 2023. The aim of the research is to determine the attitudes of contemporary Russian students to the impact of the fashion industry on the environment. The subject of the research are full-time students of Russian universities. The article considers the following issues: the involvement of young people in the consumer behavior of fashion industry products; the orientation of young people on the environmental promises of fashion brands when choosing goods; the consideration of price factors when deciding to buy fashion products; young people’s ideas about environmental and non-environmental fashion brands; awareness of the harmful effects of the fashion industry on the environment; the question of young people’s willingness to change their consumption patterns in order to reduce the negative impact of the fashion industry on the environment; the need to follow social practices related to environmental principles in the context of consumption of fashion industry products in everyday life. The conclusion has been made that it is necessary to develop communication campaigns aimed at the target audience of young people, which will highlight the issues of eco-friendly practices, environmentally friendly behavior, disclose the consequences of the negative impact of the fashion industry on the environment.

Migration is one of the most important problems of modern society and is considered not only as a simple mechanical movement of people, but as a complex social process that affects many aspects of public life. Today, migration has acquired a global level, since the nature of migration processes, namely its scale, is the main feature of globalization. Migration processes have an impact on all spheres of public life of countries and regions, as a result of which they leave an imprint in the political, socio-economic and cultural-psychological spheres. As a result, modern countries face a range of consequences, both positive and negative. The study of the impact of migration on the life and development of society in the aggregate of its negative and positive consequences is relevant both at the global level and at the level of individual regions of our country.

The object of the research is migration processes of the modern world in the context of globalization. The subject of the research is the consequences of migration processes in European countries and the Russian state. The purpose of the research is to analyze a new migration situation in the world and identify its trends.

The relevance of the research topic. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated November 9, 2022 No. 809 «On the approval of the Fundamentals of State Policy for the Preservation and Strengthening of Traditional Russian Spiritual and Moral Values» among the priority tasks facing the state and the education system, a strong family, high moral ideals and the preservation of traditional family values were proclaimed. Therefore, the formation of a responsible attitude to the creation and preservation of a family, conscious parenthood is one of the key problems facing the education system.

The relevance of the research is dictated by the contradiction between the need to prepare orphans for family life and insufficient theoretical and practical knowledge on the design and implementation of social work technology to solve this problem.

The research problem is to identify theoretical and methodological foundations for the design and implementation of social work technology to prepare orphans for family life.

The purpose of the research is to theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the technology of social work to prepare orphans for family life. Achieving the goal was carried out through the use of the following research methods: analysis, design, description, methods of mathematical statistics, questioning.

The results of the research have made it possible to draw key conclusions: maternal deprivation in orphans is the main factor in unpreparedness for family life; social work to prepare orphans for family life should be comprehensive and implemented in the form of technology, including diagnostic, organizational, formative and final stages.

The article analyzes the main issues of individualization, self-actualization of personality and return to moral and religious foundations. The process of self-awareness and return to moral traditions in the key of basic beliefs is considered as a way out of a difficult situation caused by a pandemic. The transition from individualization through self-actualization of the personality to the basic basic moral principles and to religion, which historically acts as one of the main guardians of traditional human values. Particular attention is paid to the external challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic and the processes of isolation, disunity of society, increased fears, anxiety, growing distrust and negative thinking associated with it. The response to such realities was the increased interest of a certain part of society in religious topics. At the same time, religious life and practice itself has also undergone significant changes under the influence of covid restrictions and global political, economic and psy­chological transformations of society. Such an experience of turning to the religious sphere in difficult periods of life is of great importance for us to preserve the basic foundations of historical, cultural and ethnic identity.